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Turkish Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences
Economic benefit from the optimization of citric acid production from rice straw through Plackett-Burman design and central composite designZinah AL-AZZAWI2
1School of Bioprocess Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis,
Kompleks Pusat Pengajian Jejawi 3, 02600 Arau, Perlis-MALAYSIA
e-mail: dr.hayderali74@yahoo.com
2College of Language, University Utara Malaysia, 06010, UUM,
Sintok, Kedah-MALAYSIA
Abstract: An economic study was carried out to show the benefits of optimization during the production of citric acid from rice straw as a substrate by solid-state fermentation (SSF) using Aspergillus niger}. The optimization procedure for the media components (NH4NO3, KH2PO4, MgSO4, CuSO4, ZnSO4, FeSO4, and MnSO4) was carried out using Plackett-Burman design (PBD) for the screening and central composite design (CCD) for the optimization. The results obtained from PBD indicated that NH4NO3, KH2PO4, and MgSO4 were the most significant components that affected the citric acid production. The maximum yield obtained by CCD was 50.23 g citric acid/kg rice straw. The rate of citric acid production by SSF after the optimization indicated a profit of about 65% for SSF without any nutrient addition and of about 27% for SSF without optimization.
Key Words: Citric acid, solid-state fermentation, rice straw, Plackett-Burman design, central composite design
Turkish J. Eng. Env. Sci., 36, (2012), 81-93.
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Other articles published in the same issue: Turkish J. Eng. Env. Sci.,vol.36,iss.1.